anathema

英 [ə'næθəmə] 美[ə'næθəmə]

GRE低频词畅通词汇

复数: anathemas;

anathema 诅咒；革出教门；被诅咒者

希腊前缀ana-这里表up，与on同源，词根the-表to put，后缀-ma表行为对象和结果。anathema本指将掠夺来的敌人的物品置于寺庙（或祭坛）之上来诅咒敌人厄运。历史上最出名的anathema是1054年导致基督教大分裂的东、西罗马帝国教会的相互开除教籍。

anathema: anathema: [16] Originally in Greek anáthēma was a ‘votive offering’ (it was a derivative of the compound verb anatithénai ‘set up, dedicate’, formed from the prefix ana- ‘up’ and the verb tithénai ‘place’, source of English theme and related to English do). But from being broadly ‘anything offered up for religious purposes’, the word gradually developed negative associations of ‘something dedicated to evil’; and by the time it reached Latin it meant ‘curse’ or ‘accursed person’.
=> do, theme
anathema (n.): 1520s, "an accursed thing," from Latin anathema "an excommunicated person; the curse of excommunication," from Greek anathema "a thing accursed," originally "a thing devoted," literally "a thing set up (to the gods)," from ana- "up" (see ana-) + tithenai "to put, place" (see theme).

Originally simply a votive offering, by the time it reached Latin the meaning had progressed through "thing devoted to evil," to "thing accursed or damned." Later applied to persons and the Divine Curse. Meaning "formal act or formula of consigning to damnation" is from 1610s.

Anathema maranatha, taken as an intensified form, is a misreading of the Syriac maran etha "the Lord hath come," which follows anathema in I Cor. xvi:22, but is not connected with it (see Maranatha).

5. Anathema I – Attacks the target's spirit doing moderate damage.: 攻击目标灵魂,制造中等伤害.